Salience Network

• Anterior insula, dorsal ACC, amygdala, thalamus, hypothalamus, PAG (Uddin 2015)
• Assists in detecting behaviorally relevant internal / external stimuli (Uddin 2015)
• Assists in toggling between task negative (DMN) and task positive (CEN) networks (Seeley et al, 2007).
• In major depressive disorder, there is increased DMN activity and connectivity to salience network and decreased connectivity to CEN (Mulders et al, 2015).

References

Mulders, P. C., van Eijndhoven, P. F., Schene, A. H., Beckmann, C. F. & Tendolkar, I. Resting-state functional connectivity in major depressive disorder: A review. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 56, 330–344 (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26234819/

Seeley, W. W. et al. Dissociable Intrinsic Connectivity Networks for Salience Processing and Executive Control. J. Neurosci. 27, 2349–2356 (2007). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17329432/

Uddin, L. Q. Salience processing and insular cortical function and dysfunction. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 16, 55–61 (2015). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25406711/